{"id":329,"date":"2021-10-29T21:20:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-29T19:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/?p=329"},"modified":"2025-02-28T21:23:59","modified_gmt":"2025-02-28T20:23:59","slug":"4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/","title":{"rendered":"4D printing: Heat shrinks printed objects"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Printed plastics that change their shape once in a predetermined way when heated? This is made possible by 4D printing technology developed in the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmable Materials CPM.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"col-12 col-md-8 my-3 pt-5\"><div class=\"position-relative\"><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg\" class=\"object-fit-cover rounded  wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px-768x614.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div><div class=\"position-absolute bottom-0 end-0 px-2 py-1 wop-img-copyright\"><i class=\"bi bi-c-circle\"><\/i> Potsdam Science Park, sevens+maltry Fotografen<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wop-img-description\"><i class=\"bi bi-camera\"><\/i> Dilip Chalissery develops process technology for 4D printing at Fraunhofer IAP<\/div><\/div><div class=\"col-12 col-md-8 offset-md-4 pt-5\">\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n<!--noteaser-->\n\n\n\n<p>The extent of the change in shape of the printed objects is dramatic: they can shrink by up to 63 percent. In the future, 4D manufacturing technologies could be used in applications where workpieces are only intended to fulfill their purpose after undergoing a predefined transformation, such as connecting elements in the assembly of components, e.g., in the fields of medical technology, mechanical engineering, automotive, or aviation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3D printing is all the rage, as this additive manufacturing technology offers numerous advantages. For example, products and demonstrators can be customized and are quickly available. A team of researchers at Fraunhofer CPM has added another major benefit: it produces printed objects using what is known as 4D printing. This technology adds the dimension of time (1D) to the dimension of space (3D). This makes it possible to print objects from shape memory polymers that can change their shape at a later point in time by heating them \u2013 and in a truly remarkable way: rod-shaped samples about four centimeters long shrink by up to 63 percent. Curves can also be created in a targeted manner. \u201cWe started with a relatively simple rod geometry and then became more complex by also producing hollow cylinder and hollow cuboid samples,\u201d says Dr. Thorsten Pretsch from the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, who is coordinating the project as part of Fraunhofer CPM. \u201cFor all the geometries investigated, we specified the desired material behavior in advance.\u201d<br><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gedruckte Kunststoffe, die bei Erw\u00e4rmung in vorab festgelegter Weise einmalig ihre Form \u00e4ndern? M\u00f6glich macht das eine 4D-Druck-Technologie, die im Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmable Materials CPM entwickelt wurde. Potsdam Science Park, sevens+maltry Fotografen Dilip Chalissery entwickelt am Fraunhofer IAP die Prozesstechnik zum 4D-Druck<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":330,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte - World of Progmat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte - World of Progmat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gedruckte Kunststoffe, die bei Erw\u00e4rmung in vorab festgelegter Weise einmalig ihre Form \u00e4ndern? M\u00f6glich macht das eine 4D-Druck-Technologie, die im Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmable Materials CPM entwickelt wurde. Potsdam Science Park, sevens+maltry Fotografen Dilip Chalissery entwickelt am Fraunhofer IAP die Prozesstechnik zum 4D-Druck\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"World of Progmat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-29T19:20:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-28T20:23:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Redaktion WoP\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Redaktion WoP\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Redaktion WoP\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/75edddfe870e71f0b996e0bd76a2e8ef\"},\"headline\":\"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-29T19:20:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-28T20:23:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/\"},\"wordCount\":269,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/\",\"name\":\"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte - World of Progmat\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-29T19:20:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-28T20:23:59+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/75edddfe870e71f0b996e0bd76a2e8ef\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":800,\"caption\":\"Potsdam Science Park, sevens+maltry Fotografen\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Startseite\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/\",\"name\":\"World of Progmat\",\"description\":\"Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmierbare Materialien CPM\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/75edddfe870e71f0b996e0bd76a2e8ef\",\"name\":\"Redaktion WoP\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/author\/michael-weissflogiwu-fraunhofer-de\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte - World of Progmat","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte - World of Progmat","og_description":"Gedruckte Kunststoffe, die bei Erw\u00e4rmung in vorab festgelegter Weise einmalig ihre Form \u00e4ndern? M\u00f6glich macht das eine 4D-Druck-Technologie, die im Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmable Materials CPM entwickelt wurde. Potsdam Science Park, sevens+maltry Fotografen Dilip Chalissery entwickelt am Fraunhofer IAP die Prozesstechnik zum 4D-Druck","og_url":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/","og_site_name":"World of Progmat","article_published_time":"2021-10-29T19:20:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-02-28T20:23:59+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":800,"url":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Redaktion WoP","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Redaktion WoP","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/"},"author":{"name":"Redaktion WoP","@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/75edddfe870e71f0b996e0bd76a2e8ef"},"headline":"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte","datePublished":"2021-10-29T19:20:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-28T20:23:59+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/"},"wordCount":269,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg","articleSection":["News"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/","url":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/","name":"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte - World of Progmat","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg","datePublished":"2021-10-29T19:20:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-28T20:23:59+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/75edddfe870e71f0b996e0bd76a2e8ef"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/21-09-tg-4D-Druck-1000px-x-800px.jpg","width":1000,"height":800,"caption":"Potsdam Science Park, sevens+maltry Fotografen"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/4d-druck-waerme-schrumpft-gedruckte-objekte\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Startseite","item":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"4D-Druck: W\u00e4rme schrumpft gedruckte Objekte"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/","name":"World of Progmat","description":"Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmierbare Materialien CPM","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/75edddfe870e71f0b996e0bd76a2e8ef","name":"Redaktion WoP","sameAs":["https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org"],"url":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/author\/michael-weissflogiwu-fraunhofer-de\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=329"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":333,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/329\/revisions\/333"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/330"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=329"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldofprogmat.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}